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1

Which of the following statements about an interpreter is TRUE?

Hard 1 Mark

No executable file is created by an interpreter.

A It translates the whole program at once

B It generates a separate executable file

C It produces faster execution than a compiler

D It does not generate a separate executable file

2

What is 'Segmentation' in memory management?

Hard 1 Mark

Segments are logical divisions — unlike pages which are fixed-size.

A Dividing memory into fixed-size blocks

B Assigning memory addresses to processes randomly

C Dividing memory into logical sections based on program structure

D Encrypting memory contents for security

3

Which register pair works together during memory access — one holding the address and one holding the data?

Hard 3 Marks

One register holds where to look the other holds what is found there.

A PC and IR

B ACC and PC

C MAR and MDR

D IR and ACC

4

A program instruction says: add two numbers and store the result. Which sequence of CPU components is involved?

Hard 3 Marks

Trace the instruction through each CPU component in order.

A CU fetches then IR decodes then MAR executes

B PC provides address CU fetches and decodes ALU adds ACC stores result

C MDR fetches ALU decodes CU executes

D IR fetches MAR decodes MDR executes

5

Which of the following correctly identifies all three main CPU components and their roles?

Hard 3 Marks

Match each component to its specific role — control calculate or store.

A CU performs calculations ALU controls data flow Registers store programs permanently

B CU controls and coordinates ALU performs arithmetic and logic Registers provide fast temporary storage

C CU stores data ALU fetches instructions Registers decode operations

D CU manages secondary storage ALU manages primary memory Registers manage I/O devices

6

If the Program Counter currently holds address 100 and an instruction is fetched what value will the PC most likely hold next?

Hard 3 Marks

The PC must always point to the NEXT instruction — what address comes after 100?

A Still 100

B 99 (decremented by 1)

C 101 (address of the next instruction)

D 0 (reset after each fetch)

7

What is the difference between the CU and the ALU?

Hard 3 Marks

One manages and one calculates — which does which?

A CU performs calculations while ALU controls data flow

B CU controls and coordinates operations while ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations

C Both the CU and ALU perform the same tasks

D CU stores data while ALU stores instructions

8

How many rows in the NAND gate truth table produce output 0?

Hard 3 Marks

NAND is the complement of AND — AND has one row with output 1 so NAND has one row with output 0.

A 0

B 1

C 2

D 3

9

How many rows in a 2-input NOR gate truth table produce output 1?

Hard 3 Marks

NOR is the complement of OR — OR has one row with output 0 so NOR has one row with output 1.

A 0

B 1

C 2

D 3

10

What does the expression Y = (A · B) + C mean?

Hard 3 Marks

Evaluate the brackets first then apply the OR operation.

A Y is true only when A B and C are all true

B Y is true if both A and B are true OR if C is true

C Y is true only when C is true

D Y is always false when A is false

11

What is the key difference between combinational and sequential circuits?

Hard 3 Marks

What do sequential circuits have that combinational circuits do not?

A Combinational circuits are faster than sequential circuits

B Sequential circuits use only AND and OR gates while combinational use NOT

C Combinational circuits have no memory; sequential circuits include memory elements

D Sequential circuits can only count; combinational circuits only add

12

Which of the following best describes why universal gates are widely used in integrated circuits?

Hard 3 Marks

Think about manufacturing advantages of using just one type of gate.

A They consume less electricity than other gates

B They can recreate any other gate reducing the variety of components needed in manufacturing

C They produce faster outputs than AND and OR gates

D They are the only gates that support 3-input operations

13

What is the decimal value of binary 1101?

Hard 3 Marks

Work through each bit position using powers of 2 starting from the rightmost bit.

A 11

B 12

C 13

D 14

14

What is the decimal value of binary 1111?

Hard 3 Marks

All four bits are 1 — add up all four powers of 2.

A 13

B 14

C 15

D 16

15

What is the decimal equivalent of hexadecimal 2A?

Hard 3 Marks

Remember A=10 then multiply each digit by its power of 16.

A 22

B 32

C 40

D 42

16

What is 1010 - 0011 in binary?

Hard 3 Marks

Convert to decimal: 10-3=7 then convert 7 back to binary to verify.

A 0110

B 0111

C 1000

D 1001

17

What is 110 ÷ 10 in binary?

Hard 3 Marks

Convert to decimal divide then convert back to binary to verify.

A 10

B 11

C 100

D 111

18

Which correctly compares ASCII and Unicode?

Hard 3 Marks

Compare the bit size and language coverage of each standard.

A ASCII supports more characters than Unicode

B ASCII uses 7 bits and 128 characters; Unicode supports thousands of characters from all languages

C Unicode only works on Windows

D Both use exactly 7 bits per character

19

Real-time operating systems are used where:

Hard 3 Marks

Where would even a tiny delay in the computer's response be dangerous?

A High-quality graphics are the priority

B Internet bandwidth is the main concern

C Precise timing of data processing is critical

D Large storage capacity is required

20

Which of the following is a real-world example of a real-time OS application?

Hard 3 Marks

Where would a delayed computer response cause a serious safety emergency?

A Playing music on a media player

B Browsing a social media website

C Air traffic control systems

D Writing a report in a word processor

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